- Seyyed Mohammad Seyed Fatemi
 - 1- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- 2- Department of Law, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Received: 10/1/2002 Accepted: 10/1/2002 - Publisher : Avicenna Research Institute |
| Related Articles |
|
| Other Format |
|
|
|
Abstract
Bioethics seems to be the most important branch of applied ethics. It concerns both philosophers and scientists. Such crucial questions as health care, ART, genetic engineering, abortion, euthanasia, suicide, trasplanation, population issues, animal rights and the like are just examples of questions are being dealt with in this decipline. Due to special nature of these questions, to offer a sufficient moral theory, in addition to seven criteria of applicability i.e., clarity, completeness, comprehensiveness, practicability as well as justificatory, output and explanatory powers, an internal urging power is needed. And that may be achieved by divine persuasion to follow rational moral principles which are comprehensible by human faculty. Accordingly, in the level of content moral principles are rational norms, but in the level of implementation divine command is an urging motivation to persuade human agents to act morally. And by this, we would have a non-divine command moral theory which gives considerable role to religious beliefs. Also in this article in addition to dealing with main moral theories, Kantian, utilitarianism, virtue ethics and religious approach to biotechnological issues and their implications in this field, I have offered certain moral principles which can be applied as guiding principles biotechnological questions.
Keywords:
Bioethics, Ethical principles, Divin command theory, Kantian theory, Utilitarianism, Virtue Ethics To cite this article:References
- Shiner, R. Law and Morality, in ed. Patterson, D. A companion to philosophy of law and legal theory.Blackwell Publishers. 1999;PP436-449.
- Lafollette, H. ed. Ethical theory. Blackwell Publishers. 1999.
- كمسيون اخلاقيات در علم و تكنولوژي يونسكو. اسناد شمارة، /13 March 2002×165/E .
- Singer, P., Kuhse H. "What is bioethics? a historical introduction". in a Companion to Bioethics. Blackwell Publishers. 2001;PP3-15.
- Harris J. The value of life. Routledge, London. 1985;P87
- Mary Anne Warren. Sex selection: Individual choice or cultural coertion, in ed. Kuse, H, Singer P.Bioethics, and Anthology. Blackwell publisher. 1999;PP137-142.
- قاري سيد فاطمي، سيد محمد. حق حيات. مجله تحقيقات حقوقي دانشگاه شهيد بهشتي، شماره 32-31، پاييز و زمستان 1380-1379.
- قاري سيد فاطمي، سيد محمد. سقط جنين حق يا جرم. بولتن توليد مثل و نازايي پژوهشكدة ابن سينا، شماره 51، آذر ماه 1381.
- Rhodes R. Organ transplantation, in ed. Kuhse, H., Singer p. A companion to Biothics Blackmen Publisher. 2001;PP329-340.
- Cloning Human Beings, Reports and Recommendations of the National Bioethics Advisory Commission, 1997.
- Harris J. Goodbye Dolly? The ethics of human cloning. Journal of Medical Ethics. 1997;23,PP 353-60.
- Battin, M.P. Population issues, in ed. Kuhse H., Singer P. A Companion to Bioethics. Blackwell Publishers. 2001;PP149-163.
- Kant I. Duties towards animals, in Lectures on Ethics, translated by Louis Infield. New York, Harpter and Row, 1963;PP239-41.
- Beauchamp T., Childress P. Principles of Biomedical Ethics. Oxford University press, Oxford.1994;PP:47
- Quinn P.H., Divine command theory, in ed. Hugh Lafollette. Ethical theory. 2001;PP53-74.
- قاري سيد فاطمي، سيد محمد. نظريات اخلاقي در آئينه حقوق، نامه مفيد شمارة 29، بهار 1381.
- Hare R.M. A utilitarian Approach, in ed. Kuhse, H., Singer P. A Companion to Bioethics. Blackwell Publishers. 2000;PP:80-86.
- Boyle J. An absolute Rule Approach, in ibid. 2001;PP72-79.
- Slote M., in ed. Lofollette H. Virtue Ethic. 2000;PP325.
- Macintyre A. After Virtue, University of Dame Press, V.S.A. 1981
- Brody B. Religion and Bioethics, in ed. Kuhse, H., Singger P. Blackwell Publishers. 2001; PP
- Beauchamp T., Childress T. 1994;PP120-96.
- Frankena W. Ethics, Englewood Cliffs N.J., Prentice-Hall. 1973;PP47.