- Minoo Yaghmaei
 - - Department of Obstet . and Gynecol Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan Medical Sciences University, Zahedan, Iran
- Masoumeh Mir teimoori
- - Department of Obstet . and Gynecol Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan Medical Sciences University, Zahedan, Iran
- Mojgan Mokhtari
- - Department of Obstet . and Gynecol Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan Medical Sciences University, Zahedan, Iran
- Mehdi Mohammadi
- - Department of Epidemiology & Statistics , Faculty of Health, Zahedan Medical Sciences University, Zahedan, Iran
Received: 4/1/2005 Accepted: 4/1/2005 - Publisher : Avicenna Research Institute |
| Related Articles |
|
| Other Format |
|
|
|
Abstract
Introduction: Dysmenorrhea is one of the most gynecologic problems. Primary dysmenorrhea defines as painful menstruation in the absence of pelvic disease. Prostaglandin released from the endometrium at the time of menstruation causes primary dysmenorrhea. The Frequent treatment in pain relief for primary dismenomhea are taking non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and oral contraceptives. In order to achieve an appropriate pain relief in primary dysmenorrhea in patients who do not have a good response to NSAIDs, this study was designed to compare the therapeutic effect of Mefenamic acid plus placebo with Mefenamic acid plus vitamin E. Materials and Methods: In this double blind clinical trial 64 single girls who were below 30 years old and suffered from primary dysmenorrhea were randomly divided in two groups. In one group Mefenamic acid plus vitamin E and in the other group Mefenamic acid plus placebo were given for their two subsequent menstruations. Results: The results confirm that the mean pain intensity before and after treatment in the group who received Mefenamic Acid and Vit E was (48.53±17.52) and in the group who received Mefenamic Acid and placebo was (25.94±21). Pain relief in the group who received Mefenamic acid and vitamin E was better than the group who received Mefenamic acid and placebo (p<0.001 ). conclusion: in patients with primary dysmenorrhea who do not achieve appropriate pain relief with mefenamic acid, we suggest to intake mefenamic acid plus vitamin e instead.< pan>
Keywords:
Primary dysmenorrhea, Pain, Dysmenorrhea, Mefenamic acid, Vitamin E, Prostaglandin To cite this article:References
- The American college of obstetricians and gynecologi-sts. Dysmenorrhea. A COG technical bulletin.1983;63.
- Barbieri R.L., Ryan K.J. Menstrual cycle. In: Ryan K. J., Berkowitz R.S., Barbieri R.L., Dunaif A., Kistner’s Gynecology and women’s Health 7th Edition, Published by Mosby, st. Louis.1999;pp:52-54.
- Klein J.R., Litt I.F. Epidemiology of adolescent dys-menorrheal. Pediatrics.1981;68:661.
- Speroff I., Glass R.H., Kase N.G. Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility. 6th Edition, Published by Lippincott Williams and wilkins, Baltimore.1999;PP: 566-567.
- Jolin J.A., Rapkin A. Pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea. In: Berek J.S., Rinehart R.D., Adams Hillard P.J., Adashi E.Y. Novak’s Gynecology 13th Edition, Published by Lippincott Williams and wilkins, Philadelphia.2002;pp: 431-435.
- Hestla J.S. Dysmenorrhea. In: Carpenter S.K., Rock J. A., Pediatric and adolescent Gynecology, 2ed Edition, Philadelphia.2002; pp:225.
- Lipscomb G.H. Dysmenorrhea and pelvic pain. In: Moghissi K.S., Munkarah A.R., Practical strategies in Obstetrics and Gynecology, W. B. Saunders company, Philadelphia.2000;pp:41.
- Dawood M.Y. Dysmeorrhea. Published by Williams and wilkins, Baltimore.1981;pp: 166-167.
- Eldering J.A, Nay M.G, Hoberg L.M, Longcope C., McCracken J.A. Hormonal regulation of prostaglandin in production by Rhesus monkey endometrium. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.1990;71:596.
- Ziaei S., Faghihzadeh S., Sohrabvand F., Lamyian M., Emamgholy T. A randomized placebo- controlled trial to determine the effect of vitamin E in treatment of primary dysmenorrheal. BJOG.2001;108:1181-1183.
- Clement S., Tasinato A. Boscoboinik D., Azziz A., The effect of alpha- tocopherol on the synthesis, phos-phorylation and activity of protein kinase C in smooth muscle cells after phorbol-12- myristate -13- acetate down-regulation. Eur J Biochem.1997;246:745-9.
- Apps D.K., Cohen B.B., Steel C.M. Biochemistry, Published by W.B. Saunders, London.1992;pp:314.
- Kappus H., Diplock A. Tolerance and safety of vitamin E: a toxicological position report. Free Rad Biol Med. 1992;13:55-74.
- Papas A.M. Vitamin E: Tocopherols and Tocotrienols. In: Papas M.P., Antioxidant status, diet, nutrition, and Health, Published by CRC Press, Boca Raton.1999;pp: 202-204.
- Ellsworth A.J., Witt D.M., Dugdule D.C., Oliver L.M. Mosby’s Medical Drug Reference, Mosby.1999;450.
- Sweetman S.C., Blake P.S., McGlashan J.M., Parsons A.V., et al. Martindale The complete drug reference, London.2002;pp: 1393-1395.
- Desai D.I. Assay methods. In: Machlin L.J., Vitamin E: A Comprehensive Treatise, Published by Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York. 1980;pp:102-104.
- Guyton A.C., Hall J.E. Text book of Medical Physio-logy, Published by W.B. Saunders Company, Philadel-phia.1996;pp: 899.
- Olsen J.A., Leveridge N., Duthie G.G., Shearer M.J. Fat-soluble vitamins. In: Garrow J.S., James w.p.T., Ralph A. Human Nutrition and Dietetics.pp:229-236.
- Speroff L., Glass R.H., Kase N.G. Clinical Gynecolo-gic Endocrinology and Infertility, 6th Edition, Publish-ed by Lippincott Williams and wilkins, Baltimore. 1999;pp:308.
- Dayong W.U., Mura Casilda, Alison A., et al. Age associated increase in PGE2 synthesis and Cox activity in murine macrophages is reversed by vitamin E. The American physiology society.1996;1585-1588.
- Kanno T., Utsumi T., Kobuchi H., Inhibitation of sti-mulus specific neutrophil superoxide generation by alpha- tocopherol. Free Radic Res.1995;431:22.
- Azziz A., Boscoboinik D., Hensey C., The protein kin-ase C family. Eur J Biochem. 1992;208:547.
- Pryor A.W., Cornicelli J.A., Devall L.J., Tait B. A. rapid screening test to determine the antioxidant poten-cies of natural and synthetic antioxidants. J Org Chem. 1993;58:3521.