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24163792
Pubmed/PMC as the First Line Resource in Biomedicine Field
095
96
https://www.jri.ir/article/579
https://www.jri.ir/documents/fullpaper/en/579.pdf
Mohammad RezaSadeghiEditor-in-chief, Tehran, Iran محمدرضاصادقی77
en
24163793
Assisted Reproductive Technology after the Birth of Louise Brown
Background: Public interest in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) has remained high since the birth of the world’s first in vitro fertilization baby, Louise Brown, in the United Kingdom. ART allows scientists to manipulate the fertilization process in order to bypass some pathological obstacles such as blocked fallopian tubes and non-functioning ovaries in the females, and blocked vas deferens and low sperm count in the males. The purpose was to provide a historical outline and identify the researches that most contributed to ART.
Methods: A review of published experimental and clinical studies of assisted reproduction carried out at the University of Bristol library website (MetaLib®). A cross-search of seven different medical databases (AMED-Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, BIOSIS Previews on Web of Knowledge, Cochrane Library, Embase, and the Medline on Web of Knowledge, OvidSP and PubMed) was completed by using the key words to explore the major milestones and progress in the development and implementation of ART.
Results: A speedy advancement in the development of different assisted reproductive techniques makes infertility problem more treatable than it ever had been.
Conclusion: Although no other field in the medicine has integrated new knowledge into the daily practice more quickly than ART yet, there is a need for social research to counterbalance the dominance of biomedical one, in particular the people’s actual experiences and expectations of ART.
Assisted reproductive technology, History, Infertility management, Louise Brown, Milestones, Timelines
096
110
https://www.jri.ir/article/535
https://www.jri.ir/documents/fullpaper/en/535.pdf
RemahKamelDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dammam University, Dammam, Saudi ArabiaRemahKamelremahmoustafa@hotmail.com1153
en
24163794
Assessment of Questionnaires Measuring Quality of Life in Infertile Couples: A Systematic Review
<p>Background: Infertility has potentially inappropriate effects on quality of life in infertile couples. Various general and specific questionnaires have been structured for assessing different aspects of quality of life in infertile men, women, or couples. The present systematic review was designed to assess these questionnaires and also identify different factors affecting infertile couples based on the aforesaid questionnaires. Methods: The research strategy involved general and specific terms in relation to couples’s infertility and their quality of life. A review was done for studies published from 1982 to 2012 that were indexed in Medline, ISI Web of Science and Scopus as well as abstract books on this subject. We also corresponded with the authors of the references in related studies for introducing more resources and references. Results: In all reviewed studies, different aspects of the quality of life in couples were evaluated including sexual, psychological, social, communicational, environmental, occupational, medical, as well as economical ones. In total, after initial screening of all studies, 10 general and 2 specific questionnaires were retrieved. Although no meta-analysis was found in the review, infertility had a negative effect on quality of life in couples. Conclusion: This study revealed that some general questionnaires such as SF-36 and WHO-QOL were mostly used for assessing quality of life in infertile couples and some specific questionnaires such as FERTI-QoL and Fertility Problem Inventory were rarely used. Thus, it seems that the evaluation of quality of life in infertile couples needs valid instruments for measurement.</p>
Assessment, Couples, Infertility, Quality of life, Questionnaire
110
120
https://www.jri.ir/article/534
https://www.jri.ir/documents/fullpaper/en/534.pdf
Seyyed AbbasMousaviGolestan Research Center of Psychiatry, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IranSeyyed AbbasMousavi1150
Seyyedeh ZahraMasoumiStudent Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, IranSeyyedeh ZahraMasoumi1149
AfsanehKeramatCenter for Health-Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iranافسانهكرامتkeramat1@yahoo.com421
JalalPooralajalResearch Center for Modeling of No Communicable Diseases, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IranJalalPooralajal1151
FatemehShobeiriMother and Child Care Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IranFatemehShobeiri1152
en
24163795
Use of Fluorescent Dyes in Readily Recognizing Sperm Damage
Sperm is produced by the testis and mature in the epididymis. For having a successful conception, the fertilizing sperm should have functional competent membranes, intact acrosome, functional mitochondria and an intact haploid genome. The effects of genetic and environmental factors result in sperm vulnerability to damage in the process of spermatogenesis and maturation. In recent years, the feasibility of detecting sperm damage is enhanced through the advances in technologies like fluoscerent staining techniques assisted with fluorescence microscope, flow cytometry and computer analysis systems. Fluoscerent staining techniques involve the use of fluorescent dyes, either directly or indirectly for binding them with some ingredients of sperm and evaluating the damage of the structure or function of the sperm, i.e. membrane, acrosome, mitochondria, chromosome or DNA.
Acrosome, Chromatin, DNA, Fluorescent staining, Motichondrial, Motility, Sperm function assay
120
126
https://www.jri.ir/article/533
https://www.jri.ir/documents/fullpaper/en/533.pdf
Omar IbrahimFarahFamily Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaOmar IbrahimFarah1145
LiCuilingFamily Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaLiCuiling1146
WangJiaojiaoFamily Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaWangJiaojiao1147
ZhangHuipingFamily Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaZhangHuipingzhpmed@yahoo.com.cn1148
en
24163796
Reversible Germ Cell Toxicity of Sulphasalazine and Ampicillin Combination in Male Rats
Background: The antifertility effect of ampicillin (AMP, 40 mg/kg) and sulphasalazine or salicylazosulfapyridine (SASP, 300,450 and 600 mg/kg) in male rats has been reported earlier. The combination of AMP and SASP is generally used in certain pathological conditions, but the combined effect of these two drugs on the fertility is not clear. So, the aim of this study was to investigate the antifertility effect of ampicillin and sulphasalazine combination in male rats.
Methods: In the present study, forty rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=8). Group I served as the control, while Group II and III received AMP and SASP at the doses of 20 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg respectively. Moreover, group IV and V received the combination of SASP (100 mg/kg) and AMP (10 mg/kg). However, for evaluating the reversible effect of the combination, a washout period of 30 days was given in group V. After 45 days of drug treatment, each rat was sacrificed. The testes, seminal vesicles and epididymis were dissected & weighed. Furthermore, fertility tests, sperm characteristic analysis, histopathological studies, testosterone assay and tissue biochemistry were performed. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and in case ANOVA shows statistical differences, post hoc analysis was performed.
Results: A decrease in parameters related to fertility of males such as sperm count, sperm motility, fertility ratio, serum testosterone level, glycogen and protein content in sexual organs was observed. Although AMP and SASP significantly (p<0.001) reduced the reproductive activity separately, but their combination was found to be impairing the reproductive activity at a considerably lower dose. However, on withdrawing the treatment, all these parameters were restored which was confirmed by the histopathological analysis of the testis.
Conclusion: The combination produces synergistic antifertility effect in male rats and the effect was reversible. The dose and efficacy of results could be extrapolated in future clinical trials.
Ampicillin, Fertility, Serum testosterone assay, Sperm count, Sulphasalazine
126
133
https://www.jri.ir/article/536
https://www.jri.ir/documents/fullpaper/en/536.pdf
HimanshuGuptaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaHimanshuGuptahimanshu.bpharm@gmail.com1156
KamalMaheshwariDepartment of Pharmacy, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaKamal KishoreMaheshwari1157
NitinKumarDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaNitinKumar1158
en
24163797
Reproductive Outcome Following Thawed Embryo Transfer in Management of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
Background: The purpose of the study was to compare clinical pregnancy and delivery rates with fresh and frozen embryo transfer in patients admitted to Shiraz- Human Assisted Reproductive Center with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).
Methods: OHSS patients randomly divided in two groups, group A (n=50) with fresh embryo transfer and group B (n=50) with frozen embryo transfer. We used vitrification method for freezing the embryos. Patient age, combination of female and male factors, total number of retrieved oocytes, number of cryopreserved embryo, number of transferred embryos, clinical pregnancy and delivery rates were recorded for all patients. All statistical calculations were done using SPSS software. Generalized linear model was used to adjust the confounding factors to compare the clinical pregnancy and delivery rates between two groups. The p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Mean (±SD) ages of these patients were 26.78±3.5 and 28.42±4.2 yrs in fresh (A) and frozen (B) embryo transfer groups respectively. Combinations of male and female factors were 28.3% and 32.1% respectively. Average numbers of oocytes retrieved in two groups were 22.14±4.3 and 21.02±4.9, and after fertilization, embryos cryopreserved per patient yielded averages of 13.82±3.5 and 12.5±4.3. Thaw and ET were performed and the means for transferred embryos were 3.22±0.6 and 4.1±0.7. We didn’t find any significant differences in implicit parameters between the two groups. The pregnancy and delivery rates in OHSS patients were significantly higher in frozen embryo transfer, 63.1% and 45.6%, compared with fresh embryo transfer, 55.1% and 35.4%, respectively.
Conclusion: The pregnancy and delivery rates in OHSS cases, both fresh and subsequently with frozen embryo transfer, were exceptionally high. There was statistically significant difference of pregnancy and delivery rates between fresh and frozen embryo transfer. As a result, an elective embryo freezing policy to moderate the severity and duration of OHSS has compromising outcomes for women at risk of OHSS.
Cryopreservation, Embryo transfer, Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
133
138
https://www.jri.ir/article/537
https://www.jri.ir/documents/fullpaper/en/537.pdf
ForouzanAbsalanDepartment of anatomy, Medical faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranForouzanAbsalanforouzan_absalan@yahoo.com1159
AlirezaGhannadiShiraz- Human Assisted Reproductive Center, Shiraz, IranAlirezaGhannadi1160
MarjanehKazerooniShiraz- Human Assisted Reproductive Center, Shiraz, Iranمرجانهكازروني714
en
24163798
Comparison of Letrozole and Clomiphene Citrate Efficacy along with Gonadotrophins in Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation for Intrauterine Insemination Cycles
<p>Background: We performed this study to investigate and compare the effects of Letrozole and gonadotrophins versus Clomiphene Citrate and gonadotrophins in women undergoing superovulation for Intrauterine Insemination (IUI). Methods: We performed this prospective cohort study at Australian Concept and Fertility centre, Karachi Pakistan. Women younger than 40 years of age with patent fallopian tubes and infertility of more than 2 years in duration who were undergoing IUI and gonadotrophins therapy were divided into two groups, one received Letrozole for 5 days and another received Clomiphene Citrate for 5 days. Results: All 500 IUI treatment cycles conducted from March 2008 to March 2010 were included. Patients co-treated with Letrozole required fewer gonadotrophins administrations (median difference, 300 IU (95% confidence interval (CI), 225-375 IU), developed more follicles larger than 14 mm (median difference, 1 follicle, 95% CI, 1-2 follicles), and had a thicker endometrium (median difference, 1 mm, 95% CI, 0.4–1.6 mm). The pregnancy rate was not significantly different between two groups (11% vs. 12.6%). Conclusion: The addition of Letrozole to gonadotrophins decreases gonadotrophins requirements and improves endometrial thickness, without a significant effect on pregnancy rates. An improved pregnancy rate has been observed in older age group, >35 years with Letrozole.</p>
Gonadotrophin, Infertility, Intrauterin insemination, Letrozole, Pregnancy
138
143
https://www.jri.ir/article/538
https://www.jri.ir/documents/fullpaper/en/538.pdf
FauziaHaqNawazMRCOG (UK), FCPS (Pak); LMCC (Canada) Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, PakistanFauziaHaqNawazfauzia.nawaz@gmail.com1161
SaadiaVirkFRCOG Australian Concept Fertility Centre, Karachi, PakistanSaadiaVirk1162
TasleemQadirFCPS Australian Concept Fertility Centre, Karachi, PakistanTasleemQadir1163
SaadiaImamFCPS Australian Concept Fertility Centre, Karachi, PakistanSaadiaImam1164
JavedRizviFRCOG Australian Concept Fertility Centre, Karachi, PakistanJavedRizvi1165
en
24163799
The Role of Psychological Adjustment in the Decision-making Process for Voluntary Termination of Pregnancy
Background: This study’s objective was to evaluate the role of psychological adjustment in the decision-making process to have an abortion and explore individual variables that might influence this decision.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we sequentially enrolled 150 women who made the decision to voluntarily terminate a pregnancy in Maternity Dr. Alfredo da Costa, in Lisbon, Portugal, between September 2008 and June 2009. The instruments were the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS), Satisfaction with Social Support Scale (SSSS), Emotional Assessment Scale (EAS), Decision Conflict Scale (DCS), and Beliefs and Values Questionnaire (BVQ). We analyzed the data using Student’s t-tests, MANOVA, ANOVA, Tukey’s post-hoc tests and CATPCA. Statistically significant effects were accepted for p<0.05.
Results: The participants found the decision difficult and emotionally demanding, although they also identified it as a low conflict decision. The prevailing emotions were sadness, fear and stress; but despite these feelings, the participants remained psychologically adjusted in the moment they decided to have an abortion. The resolution to terminate the pregnancy was essentially shared with supportive people and it was mostly motivated by socio-economic issues. The different beliefs and values found in this sample, and their possible associations are discussed.
Conclusion: Despite high levels of stress, the women were psychologically adjusted at the time of making the decision to terminate the pregnancy. However, opposing what has been previously reported, the women presented high levels of sadness and fear, showing that this decision was hard to make, triggering disruptive emotions.
Abortion, Decision making, Emotions, Psychological adjustment, Stress
143
152
https://www.jri.ir/article/532
https://www.jri.ir/documents/fullpaper/en/532.pdf
SaraSerenoMaternidade Dr. Alfredo da Costa, Lisbon, PortugalSaraSereno1142
IsabelLealPsychology and Health Research Unit, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, Lisbon, PortugalIsabelLealileal@ispa.pt1143
JoãoMarocoPsychology and Health Research Unit, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, Lisbon, PortugalJoãoMaroco1144
en
24163800
Successful Prognosis of Brain Abscess during Pregnancy
Introduction: Brain abscess in pregnancy is very rare, which mostly progresses to neurological abnormalities.
Case Presentation: The patient is a 24-year-old pregnant woman. She was referred to Saitama hospital due to severe headache and nausea on October 2008. Brain MRI detected a 1.5 cm abscess mass with extensive edema in the right frontal lobe. We performed intensive therapy using some antibiotics that included cefotaxime and meropenem and depressants for intracranial pressure for six weeks. There was a good prognosis for the woman and her fetus without any sign of neurological abnormalities.
Conclusion: Early medical intervention is required before it is too late for brain abscess in pregnancy.
152
156
https://www.jri.ir/article/539
https://www.jri.ir/documents/fullpaper/en/539.pdf
MasashiYoshidaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, JapanMasashiYoshidadr22023@ndmc.ac.jp1166
HideoMatsudaDivision of Perinatology, Matsuda Perinatal Clinic, Saitama, JapanHideoMatsuda1167
KenichiFuruyaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, JapanKenichiFuruya1168