en <p>Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous condition that encompasses several cardiometabolic and endocrinological disorders. Studies have shown that its pathogenesis aligns with several underlying mechanisms associated with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Cellular communication network (CCN)-3 protein is a well-studied adipokine involved in tumorigenesis, organogenesis, inflammation, fibrosis, and glucose metabolism. The purpose of the current study was to determine the association of CCN3 levels with a number of parameters involved in PCOS pathogenesis.<br /> Methods: This is a case-control study including 120 PCOS patients (60 cases with RPL; PCOS-RPL and 60 cases with infertility; PCOS-Inf and 60 healthy controls). Circulating levels of homocysteine and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), homocysteine, and CCN3 were measured using ELISA kits.<br /> Results: Circulating levels of CCN3 were significantly elevated in PCOS-RPL and PCOS-Inf subgroups when compared to the control group (7.61&plusmn;3.03 and 6.85&plusmn;2.54 vs. 3.12&plusmn;0.82, p&lt;0.001). Serum CCN3 positively correlated with fasting insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in the control group (p&lt;0.05) and PCOS group (p&lt;0.001). Moreover, CCN3 was significantly associated with PCOS (OR 4.808, 95%CI [2.744-8.423], p&lt;0.001).<br /> Conclusion: According the results of this study CCN3 may be involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS. However, future studies are needed to evaluate the possibility of utilizing CCN3 in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.</p> Abortion, C-reactive protein, Homocysteine, Metabolic syndrome, Nephroblastoma overexpressed protein, Polycystic ovarian syndrome, CCN3 098 109 https://www.jri.ir/article/140270 https://www.jri.ir/documents/fullpaper/en/140270.pdf AkramVatannejadDepartment of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iranvatannejad@ut.ac.ir122831Fatima ZahraaFouaniDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran122877RezaFadaeiSleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran122878AsmaKheirollahiDepartment of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran122828SoheilaAnsaripourReproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran1762MaryamShabani NashtaeiDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran122832NarimanMoradiLiver and Digestive Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran122881HosseinMontakhab-YeganehMolecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran122882FaezehFattahiEmergency Department, Shahid Fayazbakhsh Hospital, Tehran, Iran122883FarahJadidizadehEmergency Department, Shahid Fayazbakhsh Hospital, Tehran, Iran122884