<p>Background: Testicular torsion is a critical urological emergency that can lead to testicular ischemia and significant tissue damage. Citrulline, a supplement known for enhancing cellular metabolism and mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation, has been explored for its protective effects against testicular injury resulting from torsion and detorsion in rat models.<br /> Methods: This study involved 42 Wistar rats, divided into six groups: Sham, torsion/detorsion (T/D), and four groups receiving varying doses of Citrulline (300, 600, 900 <em>mg/kg</em>) and vitamin E (20 <em>mg/kg</em>). A surgical procedure was performed to induce torsion by rotating the left testicle for 4 <em>hr</em>, followed by reperfusion. Daily oral administration of the supplements continued for one week post-surgery. Assessments included oxidative stress markers, apoptosis, inflammation, pathology, and sperm parameters. Statistical analysis was conducted using GraphPad Prism.<br /> Results: Citrulline administration at doses of 600 and 900 <em>mg/kg</em> significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Additionally, it increased glutathione (GSH) levels and decreased protein carbonyl levels at the 900 <em>mg/kg</em> dose. The expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) decreased at 900 <em>mg/kg</em>, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-&alpha;) levels dropped at 600 and 900 <em>mg/kg</em>, and the pro-apoptotic factor Bax was reduced at all doses. Sperm analysis showed improved sperm count and motility at the 900<em> mg/kg</em> dose. Histological examination revealed significant positive effects of Citrulline on testicular tissue.<br /> Conclusion: Citrulline effectively lowers oxidative stress, inflammation, while enhancing sperm quality and pathological outcomes. These results indicate that Citrulline has potential as a therapeutic agent for testicular torsion.</p>