JRI 

Hadis Sabour
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Arash Hossein-Nezhad
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Jila Maghbouli
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Bagher Larijani Corresponding Author
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Received: 7/1/2007 Accepted: 7/1/2007 - Publisher : Avicenna Research Institute

Related Articles

 

Other Format

 


Abstract

Introduction: Metabolisms of vitamin D, calcium and parathormone change during normal preg-nancies. Evaluating these changes and factors affecting them, especially consumption of vitamin D containing foods by mothers and its bioavailability to the fetus, are essential. The primary aim of this study was to determine the relationship between bone turnover and maternal nutritional status of vitamin D during normal pregnancies. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 449 healthy pregnant women and their newborns who had attended educational hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2003. Average intakes of vitamin D and calcium were studied by a food frequency question-naire and measurements of serum calcium, vitamin D, PTH, cross-laps and osteocalcin of the mothers and their infants through cord vein. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS software, version 11.5 and p<0.05 was considered significant. results: serum concentrations of vitamin d in cord blood samples from newborns, whose mothers had adequate vitamin d intake (200iu ay of vitamin d for pregnant women), were higher. there was a positive correlation between maternal serum calcium and calcium in the cord blood of the newborns (r="0.35)." there were significant differences in concentration between pth, osteocalcin and cross-laps of the mothers and their newborns (p<0.001). the serum concentrations of vitamin d and calcium in the cases and their infants had a correlation with adequate intake of the two (p<0.05). there was a reverse association between bone turnover markers and calcium with vitamin d intake in mothers. conclusion: the nutritional status of vitamin d in human fetus and neonates is completely dependent on vitamin d stores of their mothers and adequate intakes of these elements can influ-ence bone metabolism in mothers and newborns. therefore, programs aimed at improving vitamin d and calcium intake through educational materials and classes, which focus on the consumption of rich sources of vitamin d, should be considered. fortification and supplementation of these elements to those at risk has to be nationally regarded.< pan>


Keywords: Vitamin D, Bone turnover, Pregnancy, Nutrition, Calcium, Neonate, Osteocalcin, Cross-laps, Parathormone, PTH


To cite this article:


References

  1. Lips P. Vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperpara-thyroidism in the elderly: consequences for bone loss and fractures and therapeutic implications. Endocr Rev. 2001;22(4):477-501.   [PubMed]
  2. Ward LM. Vitamin D deficiency in the 21st century: a persistent problem among Canadian infants and mothers. CMAJ. 2005;172(6).   [PubMed]
  3. Sabour H, Hossein-Nezhad A, Maghbooli Z, Madani F, Mir E, Larijani B. Relationship between pregnancy outcomes and maternal vitamin D and calcium intake: A cross-sectional study. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2006;22: 585-9.   [PubMed]
  4. Prentice A. Micronutrients and the bone mineral content of the mother, fetus and newborn. J Nutr. 2003;133 (5 Suppl 2):1693S-9S.   [PubMed]
  5. Salle BL, Delvin EE, Lapillonne A, Bishop NJ, Glorie-ux FH. Perinatal metabolism of vitamin D. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71(5 Suppl):1317S-24S.   [PubMed]
  6. Salle BL, Glorieux FH, Delvin EE. Perinatal vitamin metabolism. Biol Neonate. 1998;54:181-7.   [PubMed]
  7. Hollis BW. Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels indicative of vitamin D sufficiency: implications for establishing a new effective dietary intake recommen-dation for vitamin D. J Nutr. 2005;135(2):317-22. Review.   [PubMed]
  8. Specker BL. Do North American women need supple-mental vitamin D during pregnancy or lactation?. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994;59(Suppl):484S-91S.   [PubMed]
  9. Sowers MF, Zhang D, Hollis BW, Shapiro B, Janney CA, Crutchfield M, Schork MA, Stanczyk F, Randolph J. Role of calciotrophic hormones in calcium mobiliza-tion of lactation. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998;67:284-91.   [PubMed]
  10. ValÍn A, Guillén C, Esbrit P. C-Terminal Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein (PTHrP) (107-139) Stimu-lates Intracellular Ca2+ through a Receptor Different from the Type 1 PTH/PTHrP Receptor in Osteoblastic Osteosarcoma UMR 106 Cells. Endocrinology. 2001; 142:2752-9.   [PubMed]
  11. Speaker B. Nutrition influences bone development from infancy through toddler years. J Nutr. 2004;134: 691S-5S.   [PubMed]
  12. Kaur M, Godber IM, Lawson N, Baker PN, Pearson D, Hosking DJ. Changes in serum markers of bone turn-over during normal pregnancy.Ann Clin Biochem. 2003;40(pt5):508-13.   [PubMed]
  13. More C, Bhattoa HP, Bettembuk P, Balogh A. The effects of pregnancy and lactation on hormonal status and biochemical markers of bone turnover. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2003;106:209-13.   [PubMed]
  14. Pittard WB 3rd, Geddes KM, Hulsey TC, Hollis BW. Osteocalcin, skeletal alkaline phosphatase, and bone mineral content in very low birth weight infants: a longitudinal assessment. Pediatr Res.1992;31(2):181-5.   [PubMed]
  15. Gundberg CM, Lian LB, Gallop PM, Steinberg JJ. Urinary γ-carboxyglutamic acid and serum osteocalcin as bone markers: studies in osteoporosis and paget`s disease. J Clin Endocrinal Metab. 1983;57:1221-5.   [PubMed]
  16. Price PA, Williamson MK, Lothringer JW. Origin of the bone γ-carboxy-glutamic acid-containing protein found in plasma and its clearance by kidney and bone. J Biol Chem. 1981;256:127-60.   [PubMed]
  17. Cole DE, Gundberg CM, Stirk LJ, Atkinson SA, Hanley DA, Ayer LM, et al. Changing osteocalcin con-centrations during pregnancy and lactation: implica-tions for maternal mineral metabolism. J Clin Endo-crinol Metab. 1987;65:290-4.   [PubMed]
  18. Naylor KE, Iqbal P, Fledelius C, Fraser RB, Eastell R. The effect of pregnancy on bone density and bone turnover. J Bone Miner Res. 2000;15:129-37.   [PubMed]
  19. Ulrich U, Miller PB, Eyre DR, Chesnut CH 3rd, Schle-busch H, Soules MR. Bone remodeling and bone mine-ral density during pregnancy. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2003;268(4):309-16.   [PubMed]
  20. ouberbielle JC, Cormier C, Kindermans C. Bone mar-kers in clinical practice. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 1999; 11:312-9.   [PubMed]
  21. essaure A. Analytical requirement for biochemical bone marker assays. Scand J Clin lab Invest Suppl. 1997;227:84-9.
  22. Schmidt-Gayk H, Spanuth E, Kotting J, Bartl R, Felsenberg D, Pfeilschifter J, et al. Performance eva-luation of automated assays for beta crosslaps, N-MID-Osteocalcin and intact parathyroid hormone (BIO-ROSE Multicenter study). Clin Chem Lab Med. 2004; 42:90-5.   [PubMed]
  23. Zeni SN, Ortela Soler CR, Lazzari A, Lopez L, Suarez M, Di Gregorio S, et al. Interrelationship between bone turnover markers and dietary calcium intake in preg-nant women: a longitudinal study. Bone. 2003;33:606-13.   [PubMed]
  24. Maxwell JD, Ang L, Brooke OG, Brown IRF. Vitamin D Supplements enhance weight gain and nutritional status in pregnant Asians. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1981; 88:987-91.   [PubMed]
  25. Nozza JM, Rodda CP. Vitamin D deficiency in mothers of infants with rickets. Med J Aust. 2001; 175: 253-5.   [PubMed]
  26. Cunningham FG, McDonald PC, Gant NF, Leveno KJ, Gillstrap LCIII, Hankins GDV, Clark SL. Williams Obstetrics. 20th Edition. Stamford, Appleton & Lange. 1997;pp:797-823.
  27. Food and Nutrition Board, National Academy of science, Institue of Medicine: Dietary reference in-takes for calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride, Washington, DC, 1997, National Acade-my Press.
  28. غفارپور محمد، هوشيارراد آرش، كيانفر هادي. راهنماي مقياسهاي خانگي، ضرايب تبديل و درصد خوراكي مواد غذايي. تهران، انتشارات كشاورزي، 1378:صفحات1-46.
  29. Holick MF. Vitamin D: A millennium perspective. J Cell Biochem. 2003;88:296-307.   [PubMed]
  30. Alfaham M, Woodhead S, Pask G, Davies D. Vitamin D deficiency: a concern in pregnant Asian women. Br J Nutr. 1995;73:881-7.   [PubMed]
  31. Atiq M, Suria A, Nizami SQ, Ahmed I. Maternal vita-min-D deficiency in Pakistan. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1998;77:970-3.   [PubMed]
  32. Thomson K, Morley R, Grover SR, Zacharin MR. Postnatal evaluation of vitamin D and bone health in women who were vitamin D-deficient in pregnancy, and in their infants. MJA. 2004;181:486-8.   [PubMed]
  33. لاريجاني محمد باقر، هاشمي‌پور سيما، گويا محمدمهدي، پژوهي محمد. بررسي شيوع كمبود ويتامين و عوامل موثر برآن در جمعيت 20-69 ساله شهر تهران، مجله علمي سازمان نظام پزشكي جمهوري اسلامي ايران، (1382). 2، صفحات 125-131.
  34. Pehlivan I, Hatun S, Aydogan M, Babaoglu K, Gokalp AS. Maternal vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D supplementation in healthy infants. Turk J Pediatr. 2003;45:315-20.   [PubMed]
  35. Alok S, Renu G, Vinita D, Anjoo A, Pradeep KA, Vijayalakshmi B. High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women and their newborns in northern India1,2. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;81(5):1060-1064.   [PubMed]
  36. Erkkola M, Karppinen M, Jarvinen A, Knip M, Virtanen SM. Folate, vitamin D, and iron intakes are low among pregnant Finnish women. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1998;52:742-8.   [PubMed]
  37. Serenius F, Elidrissy AT, Dandona P. Vitamin D nutrition in pregnant women at term and in newly born babies in Saudi Arabia. J Clin Pathol. 1984;37:444-447.   [PubMed]
  38. Ortega RM, Aranceta J, Serra-Majem L, Entrala A, Gil A, Mena MC. Nutritional risks in the Spanish popula-tion: results of the eVe study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003;57 Suppl 1:S73-5.   [PubMed]
  39. Koenig J, Elmadfa I. Status of calcium and vitamin D of different population groups in Austria. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2000;70:214-20.   [PubMed]
  40. Nesby-O'Dell S, Scanlon KS, Cogswell ME, Gillespie C, Hollis BW, Looker AC, Allen C, Doughertly C, Gunter EW, Bowman BA. Hypovitaminosis D preva-lence and determinants among African American and white women of reproductive age: third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002;76:187-92.   [PubMed]
  41. Specker B. Vitamin D requirements during pregnancy. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80(6 Suppl):1740S-7S.   [PubMed]
  42. Paunier L, Lacourt G, Pilloud P, Schlaeppi P, Sizo-nenko PC. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and calcium levels in maternal, cord and infant serum in relation to maternal vitamin D intake. Helv Paediatr Acta. 1978; 33:95-103.   [PubMed]
  43. Marya RK, Rathee S, Lata V, Mudgil S. Effects of vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1981,12:155-61.   [PubMed]
  44. Marya RK, Rathee S, Dua V, Sangwan K. Effect of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on foetal growth. Indian J Med Res. 1988;88:488-92.   [PubMed]
  45. Mallet E, Gugi B, Brunelle P, Henocq A, Basuyau JP, Lemeur H. Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy: a controlled trial of two methods. Obstet Gynecol. 1986; 68:300-4.   [PubMed]
  46. Cockburn F, Belton NR, Purvis RJ, Giles MM, Brown JK, Turner TL, et al. Maternal vitamin D intake and mineral metabolism in mothers and their newborn infants. Br Med J. 1980;231:1-102.   [PubMed]
  47. Nicolaidou P, Hatzistamatiou Z, Papadopoulou A, Kaleyias J, Floropoulou E, Lagona E, et al. Low vita-min D status in mother-newborn pairs in Greece. Calcif Tissue Int. 2006;78(6):337-42.   [PubMed]
  48. Waiters B, Godel JC, Basu TK. Prenatal vitamin D and calcium status of northern Canadian mothers and their newborn infants. J Am Coll Nutr. 1999;18:122-6.   [PubMed]
  49. Oliveri MB, Mautalen CA, Alonso A, Velazquez H, Trouchot HA, Porto R, et al. Nutritional status of vitamin D in mothers and neonates of Ushuaia and Buenos Aires. Medicina (B Aires).1993;53(4):315-320.   [PubMed]
  50. Black AJ, Reid R, Reid DM, Macdonald AG, Fraster WD. Effect of Pregnancy on Bone Mineral Density and Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover in a Patient With Juvenile Idiopathic Osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res. 2003;18:167-71.   [PubMed]
  51. Anim-Nyame N, Sooranna SR, Jones J, Alaghband-Zadeh J, Steer PJ, Johnson MR. Biochemical markers of maternal bone turnover are elevated in Pre-eclamp-sia. BJOG. 2001;108:258-62.   [PubMed]
  52. de Toro Salas A, Duenas Diez J, de Jaime Revuelta E. Concentrations of calcium and bone remodeling bio-markers in umbilical cord blood and urine of newborn infants during delivery. An Esp Pediatr. 2001;54(3): 290-6.   [PubMed]
  53. Saadi HF, Nagelkerke N, Benedict S, Qazaq HS, Zilahi E, Mohamadiyeh MK, Al- Suhaili AI. Predictors and relationships of serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D con-centration with bone turnover markers, bone mineral density, and vitamin D receptor genotype in Emirati women. Bone. 2006;39(5):1136-43.   [PubMed]
  54. O'Brien KO, Donangelo CM, Zapata CL, Abrams SA, Spencer EM, King JC. Bone calcium turnover during pregnancy and lactation in women with low calcium diets is associated with calcium intake and circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 concentrations. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83(2):317-23.   [PubMed]

COPE
SID
NLM
AJMB
IJBMLE
IJBMLE

Home | About Us | Current Issue | Past Issues | Submit a Manuscript | Instructions for Authors | Subscribe | Search | Contact Us

"Journal of Reproduction & Infertility" is owned, published, and managed by Avicenna Research Institute .
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution –NonCommercial 4.0 International License which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works for non-commercial purposes from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited properly.

Journal of Reproductoin and Infertility (JRI) is a member of COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATION ETHICS . Verify here .

©2024 - eISSN : 2251-676X, ISSN : 2228-5482, For any comments and questions please contact us.