- Ali Firouzabadi
 - - Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz Medical Sciences University, Shiraz, Iran
- Ahmad Noori
- - Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz Medical Sciences University, Shiraz, Iran
- Hamid Naseri
- - Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz Medical Sciences University, Shiraz, Iran
Received: 7/1/2002 Accepted: 7/1/2002 - Publisher : Avicenna Research Institute |
| Related Articles |
|
| Other Format |
|
|
|
Abstract
Tubal ligation is an effective and convenient means of contraception and is becoming increasingly popular as a birth control technique in the world. Aim of this study is to compare depression degree before and after tubal ligation. For this purpose, 60 women with 23-51 years old referring to Shiraz Hospital who were candidates for tubal ligation were chosen and evaluated. Women's depression degree was assessed by Beck depression inventory one day before and six months after operation. Pre and postoperative results were compared by paired t-test. The mean score of depression before operation was 9.42±8.85 and in six months later was 17.47±11.14 (P<0.0001 ). if the significant difference will be approved by similar studies, importance of follow up and evaluation of probable factors such as biological or psycho-social are advised so that by proper interventions, we will be able to prevent probable depression in this group of women. the results of this study revealed significantly higher degree of depression after tubal ligation. we could point to some contributing factors such as: changes in the patient s self-image, feeling of irreversibility of operation, fear of negative evaluation of other, negative attitude of husband and some biological factors. if these findings will be confirmed in future studies, we can plan proper interventions for prevention of depression in this group of women.< pan>
Keywords:
Depression, Tubal Ligation, Beck Depression Inventory, Contraception To cite this article:References
- WU S.Z., Luo L., Zhu C. Psychological long-term effects of sterilization on anxiety and depression.Contraception. 1996; 54: 345- 57.
- Visvanathan N., Wyshak G. Tubal ligation, menstural changes, and menopausal symptoms. J Womens Health Gend Based Med. 2000; 9(5): 521 -7.
- Templeton A.A., Cole S. Hysterectomy following tubal ligation. Br J Obs Gyn. 1982; 89: 845- 8.
- Cooper P.J. Risk of hysterectomy after sterilization. Lancet. 1989; 1: 59.
- Kjer J.J. Kaudsen I. Hysterectomy subsequent to laparascopic sterilization. Eur J Obs Gyn Reprod Biol. 1990; 35: 63- 7.
- Peterson H.B., Jeng G., Folger S.G., et al. The risk of menstural abnormalities after tubal ligation. N Engl J Med. 2000; 343 (230): 1681- 7.
- Gentile G.P., Kaufman S., Helbeg D.W. Is there any evidence for a post-tubal steriliozation syndrome?Fertil Steril. 1989; 69: 179- 86.
- Rulin M.C., Davidson A.R., Philiper S.G., et al. Long-term effects of tubal sterilization on menstural indices and pelvic pain. Obs Gyn. 1993; 82: 118- 21.
- Rulin M.C., Turner J.H., Dunworth R. Post tubal sterilization syndrome: a misnomer. J Obs Gyn. 1985; 151: 13- 9.
- SoKum Tung C., KH Chung T. Psychological adjustement following sterilization: a prospective study on Chinese women. J Psychosom Res. 1997; 42: 187- 96.
- Vessy M., Huggins G., Lewless M., et al. Tubal sterilization: findings in a large prospective study. Br J Obs Gyn. 1983; 90: 203- 9.
- Westhoff C., Davis A. Tubal sterilization: focus on the U.S experience. Fertil Steril. 2000; 73: 913- 22.
- Beck A.T., Ward C.H., Mendelson M., et al. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch General Psychiatry. 1961; 4: 561- 71.
- Beck A.T., Steer R.A., Garbin T.I. Psychological properties of the Beck depression inventory, twenty - five years of evaluation. Clin Psychol Rev. 1988; 8(1), 77- 100.
- Liu Y., Wu S., Luo L., et al. Male participation in family planning in China : findings from a qualitative research. Chinese J Fam Plann. 1995; 3: 8- 17.